Intengiso yeQonga le-EV

I-EV Platform Market (iCandelo: iChassis, iBhetri, iSistim yokuNqunyanyiswa, iSistim seNkqubo, iDrivetrain, ukuPhakathi kweZithuthi, kunye nabanye; Uhlobo lweSithuthi soMbane: Isithuthi soMbane seHybrid kunye neBhetri Isithuthi; Isiteshi seNtengiso: i-OEM kunye ne-Aftermarket; Uhlobo lweSithuthi: IHatchback, iSedan, Izithuthi zokuSebenzisa, kunye nezinye; kunye neQonga: P0, P1, P2, P3, kunye ne-P4) -Uhlalutyo lweShishini lweHlabathi, ubungakanani, isabelo, ukukhula, imikhondo kunye noqikelelo, 2020 - 2030

Ukuqiniswa kweMithetho yokusiNgqongileyo kunye neMfuno yokuKhwela kweZithuthi zombane ukukhulisa ukukhula kweNtengiso
Ngenxa yenkqubela phambili kwezobuchwephesha kunye nolawulo lwendawo eguqukayo, icandelo leemoto kwihlabathi liphela libone utshintsho olukhulu kule minyaka ingamashumi idlulileyo. Okwangoku, icandelo lezithuthi ngoku kwihlabathi liphela liya lihambela phambili nakwikamva eliluhlaza, apho ii-OEMs kunye nabanye abathathi-nxaxheba banyanzelekile ukuba batyale imali kubuchwephesha obutsha kunye nezinto ezintsha ezihambelana nommiselo womgaqo oguqukayo. Kule minyaka ilishumi idlulileyo, izithuthi zombane zifumene ukuthandwa okukhulu kwihlabathi liphela. Ngelixa ulwazi malunga nezithuthi zombane luqhubeka nokukhula kwihlabathi liphela, ngayo, ukuthengiswa kwehlabathi kwezithuthi zombane kuyaqhubeka nokuhamba kwindlela ephezulu- into ekulindeleke ukuba inyuse ukukhula kweemarike zeqonga le-EV.
Ibango lezithuthi zombane yinto ekhokelayo ekulindeleke ukuba iqhube kwimarike yeqonga le-EV ngexesha lokuvavanya. Iinkampani ezisebenza kwimarike yangoku yeqonga le-EV ziya zijolisa ekunikezeleni ngeqonga leendleko kunye nokusebenza kwe-EV kubathengi bazo, kunye nokuvala umsantsa wendleko phakathi kweinjini zezithuthi zombane kunye neenjini zangaphakathi zomlilo (ICEs). Abadlali abaninzi abakumgangatho ophezulu kwimarike kulindeleke ukuba basungule amaqonga e-EV kule minyaka ilishumi izayo- into enokuthi ikuncede ekukhuleni kwintengiso yeqonga lehlabathi le-EV ngexesha lesimo sezulu.
Ngasemva kwezi zinto, intengiso yeqonga lehlabathi le-EV kulindeleke ukuba lidlule kwi-US $ 97.3 Bn mark ngasekupheleni kuka-2030.

Abadlali beMarike bagxile ekuValiweni kweNdleko phakathi kwe-ICE neeNjini zoMbane
Nangona imfuno yezithuthi zombane ikubonile ukukhula okungaguqukiyo kule minyaka imbalwa idlulileyo, ii-OEMs ezimbalwa zenza inzuzo enkulu ngokuthengisa izithuthi zombane. Umsantsa omkhulu weendleko phakathi kweinjini zombane kunye nee-ICEs yeyona nto iphambili kulindeleke ukuba iqhube izinto ezintsha kwaye ivule indlela yeendleko zeqonga le-EV elinendleko kungekudala. Ixabiso eliphezulu leebhetri zombane sesinye sezizathu eziphambili zokuba kutheni izithuthi zombane zithengiswa ngaphezulu kunezo ze-hybrid okanye izithuthi ezisebenza kulwakhiwo lwezithuthi ze-ICE. Ngenxa yoko, abadlali abaninzi abasebenza kwindawo yentengiso yeqonga le-EV bafuna iindlela ezintsha zokuhlawula ezi ndleko ngokugxila kuyilo lwe-EV kwiqonga elinobuqili kunye neemodyuli. Ngelixa ii-OEMs ezininzi zanda ngokutyala imali kuphuhliso lwamaqonga e-EV awenzelwe iinjongo zokwenza izithuthi zombane, abanye ikakhulu baxhomekeke kulwakhiwo lwezithuthi ze-ICE kwimveliso yezithuthi zombane. Kwibhaso labo lokwenza imveliso yezithuthi zombane ibe yinzuzo, abadlali beemarike baya ngokuya bejonga iikhonsepthi ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanya neendlela ezilula zokuhlangana.

Abadlali beMakethi bajolise ekumiliseleni amaqonga amatsha e-EV ukuze bafumane uKhuphiswano
Ukufakaza ngemfuno ekhulayo yezithuthi zombane kunye nokulindela ukungena okuphezulu kwezithuthi zombane kwixesha elizayo, iinkampani ezininzi ngoku zithambekele ekumiliseleni amaqonga amatsha e-EV ukufumana ukhuphiswano kumgangatho wentengiso wangoku. Ukongeza, ngelixa iinkampani ezinamanqanaba aphezulu zisanda kutyalomali kwimveliso yamaqonga e-EV, uninzi lweziqalo zingene kwimarike yeqonga le-EV, kwaye benza umanyano lobuchule kunye nabanye abadlali beemarike ukumisela ubukho babo kukhuphiswano olunamandla lwe-EV. Umzekelo, i-REE yezeMoto, ukuqala kuka-Israeli kungene kubambiswano neJapan's KYB Corporation ukumilisela ukunqunyanyiswa komda kumaqonga ezithuthi zombane ezizayo. I-KYB Corporation kulindeleke ukuba inikeze umgca wayo weenkqubo zokumisa ezisebenzayo kunye nokusebenza kweqonga le-EV ye-REE.
Ukongeza, ii-OEMs ezininzi eziphambili zikhokelela ngakumbi ekwakheni amaqonga e-EV anikezelweyo ukuseka ubukho obuqinisekileyo kwintengiso. Umzekelo, ngoFebruwari 2019, kwaHyundai babhengeza ukuba inkampani inakho ukwenza iqonga lezithuthi zombane elizinikeleyo ikakhulu eliza kusetyenziswa ziimoto ezintsha zombane eziveliswa yinkampani.

Ibango lamaQonga e-EV liyehla kwi-2020 phakathi kwe-COVID-19 Ubhubhane
Icandelo leemoto kwihlabathi liphela liye labona ukubuyela umva okukhulu kwi-2020 ngenxa yokuqhambuka kwenoveli ye-COVID-19. Ukuqala kobhubhane we-COVID-19 kushukumise ukukhula kweemarike zeqonga le-EV kwindlela ehamba kancinci ngo-2020, njengoko icandelo lezithuthi e-China lalitshixiwe ikakhulu kwikota yokuqala ye-2020. Ngenxa yoku, ukuhanjiswa kwezinto ezingafunekiyo kunye nezinto zeemoto zithathe indawo enkulu kwihlabathi liphela. Nangona kunjalo, njengoko i-China yayihamba ivula amashishini ayo, ezinye iindawo eziphambili zeemoto zazithintela urhwebo olunqamleze umda kunye nokuhamba njengenyathelo lokuphelisa ukusasazeka kwintsholongwane.
Imakethi yeqonga le-EV kulindeleke ukuba ngokuthe ngcembe ifumane amandla ukuya kwikota yokugqibela ye-2020, njengoko ibango lehlabathi le-EVs lingqina ukukhula okuzinzileyo emva kokuphumla kwezithintelo zokutshixa kunye norhwebo.

Uluvo lwabahlalutyi
Imarike yeqonga le-EV kulindeleke ukuba yande kwi-CAGR ephakathi ye- ~ 3.5% ngexesha lokuqikelela. Ukukhula kweemarike kuqhutywa ikakhulu yimfuno ekhulayo yezithuthi zombane, ukwanda kwenkxaso kurhulumente kwizithuthi zombane, uphuhliso lobuchwephesha kwezobuchwephesha bezithuthi zombane, kunye nokuqinisa imithetho nemigaqo yokukhuselwa kwendalo. Abadlali beMarike kufuneka bagxile ekumiseleni amaqonga ezithuthi ezisebenza ngombane nezixabisa imali ukuze bafumane ukhuphiswano kunye nokuseka indawo yentengiso.

Ivenkile yeVenkile yeQonga: Ubume
Intengiso yeqonga lehlabathi le-EV kulindeleke ukuba landise kwi-CAGR ye-3.5% ngexesha lokuqikelela. Oku ikakhulu kubangelwe yimilinganiselo engqongqo yokukhutshwa kweemoto ezihamba kunye nokukhuthazwa kokuxutywa kunye nokufakelwa kwezithuthi ukwenzela ukunciphisa ifuthe legesi yokukhupha ingozi kummandla. Imigaqo kaRhulumente ngokuchasene nedizili nezithuthi zepetroli sesona sizathu siphambili sokutshintsha kokukhethwa kwabathengi kwiimoto zombane kunye nokunyusa imfuno yeqonga le-EV ngexesha lokuqikelela.
Imakethi ye-EVs iyanda ngesantya esiphezulu kwaye notyalo mali kwinqanaba lokuqala liphezulu kakhulu kwiibhasi, njengoko oorhulumente kwimimandla emininzi betyala imali kakhulu kwizixeko ezikhulu ukuze kulungiswe ukukhutshwa kwekhabhoni okunokuthi kukonyuse intengiso yeqonga le-EV. Iqonga le-EV leebhasi zombane lingqina kwimfuno ephezulu kuqoqosho oluninzi, njengoko ukufakelwa umbane kweqonga loluntu kunokuba nefuthe elisebenzayo ngakumbi ekuphuculeni umgangatho womoya.

Abaqhubi beMarike yeQonga le-EV
Ngaphambili, iimveliso eziphambili bezikhetha ukuphuhlisa iqonga elinye kwiimodeli ezine ezintlanu zokuthintela utyalomali lwenkunzi. Nangona kunjalo, imfuno engakumbi evela kubathengi bemoto yeempawu ezithile zommandla, isitayile, kunye nokusebenza, kubandakanya into eyahlukileyo kwimoto eyenze ii-OEMs ukuba zivelise iqonga leemodeli ezahlukeneyo, ezinokuthi zikonyuse intengiso yeqonga le-EV ngexesha lokuxelwa kwangaphambili.
Amafutha asefossil aphelile kwaye kungekudala, oovimba bamafutha bayakwazi ukupheliswa. Ngokwenqanaba langoku lokusetyenziswa, kuqikelelwa ukuba yiminyaka engama-46.7 yemithombo yamafutha ihleli kwihlabathi lonke, kwaye iminyaka engama-49.6 yobutyebi begesi yendalo ihleli kwihlabathi liphela. Ezinye iindlela zokubasa i-fuels ziyafumaneka kwintengiso, kubandakanya imoto yombane, i-CNG, i-LPG, isithuthi esisebenza ngomoya kunye ne-LNG. Nangona kunjalo, izithuthi zombane ziya zisamkelwa ngokufuthi, ezisetyenziselwa ukuthutha ezidolophini nakwiidolophu ezinkulu kunye needolophu. Oku, okunokwenzeka, kuya kusebenza njengesisombululo ekufumanekeni ngokugqibeleleyo kwemithombo yendalo. Oku kuqikelelwa ukukhulisa intengiso yeqonga le-EV.
Abavelisi abaliqela, abanjengoTesla Inc. kunye noNissan, bazise ukusebenza kwee-EVs ezisebenza kwiqonga elitsha le-EV elizolileyo ezindleleni kwaye zibonelela ngokuhamba ngokugudileyo nangaphandle kobunzima. Iindleko zokugcina eziphantsi kwee-EVs, ngenxa yoyilo olutsha kwiqonga le-EV ibe yinzuzo eyongeziweyo, enokubanceda abathengi kwixesha elide. Oku, ngokuqinisekileyo, kuya kuqhubela phambili intengiso yeqonga le-EV.

Imiceli mngeni kwiNtengiso yeQonga le-EV
Iindleko zezithuthi zombane xa kuthelekiswa naleyo ye-ICE yesiqhelo (injini yomlilo yangaphakathi) izithuthi ziphezulu kakhulu kwaye zithathwa njengeyona nto iphambili kuthintelo lwesithuthi sombane kunye nentengiso yeqonga le-EV
Izithuthi ezihamba ngombane zifuna ukutshaja, kwaye uthungelwano lwezitishi ezibekwe ngobuchule luyafuneka ukuze abantu bahambe imigama emide. Ngapha koko, ukuphinda ugcwalise iibhetri rhoqo kuthatha malunga neyure e-1, ekungekho ndawo ehambelana nokusebenza kwe-refuel yegesi, ethintela ngakumbi intengiso yeqonga le-EV.

Ulwahlulo lweMarike yeQonga le-EV
Ngokusekwe kwicandelo, icandelo lebhetri liqikelelwa ukuba liphendula ngesabelo esikhulu kwimarike yeqonga le-EV ngeli xesha lokuqikelela. Ii-OEM zigxile kwimveliso yebhetri ye-EV ephambili ekulindeleke ukuba ibe nokukhupha okuphantsi ngexabiso eliphantsi, okukhokelela kutyalo-mali ngakumbi kwi-R & D kwicandelo lebhetri kwaye ekugqibeleni iqonga le-EV.
Ngokusekwe kuhlobo lwesithuthi sombane, icandelo lezithuthi zombane liyanda ngesantya esikhawulezayo kwimarike yeqonga le-EV. Uninzi lwee-OEMs lujolise kuphuhliso lwezithuthi zombane kwiiplatifti ezisandula ukuphuhliswa kuneemoto zombane ezihlanganisiweyo, njengoko imfuno yee-BEV ingaphezulu kwezo ze-HEVs. Ngapha koko, utyalo-mali oluphezulu kakhulu kunye nobungcali buyafuneka ekuphuhliseni i-HEV xa kuthelekiswa naleyo ye-BEV, njengoko i-BEV ingabandakanyi i-ICE kwiqonga le-EV kwaye ke, kulula ukuyakha.
Ngokusekwe kudidi lwezithuthi, icandelo lezithuthi eluncedo labalwa ngesabelo esikhulu kwimarike yeqonga le-EV. Abathengi base China bathanda iicompact sedans; Nangona kunjalo, ukufika kweeSUV ezintsha nezinomtsalane kutshintshile ibango kwizithuthi zoncedo. Kukho ukuhla kwintengiso yeedans. Aziloncedo njengokubuyela umva okanye ukubanzi ngakumbi njengeeSUV kunye nabathengi eAsia naseMelika bakhetha zombini izithuthi eziphangaleleyo neziluncedo. Ukuncitshiswa kwemfuno yokuchaphazeleka kwiYurophu iphela naseLatin America kungenxa yokonyuka kobungakanani bezithuthi ezincinci. Ukuba inkulu i-hatchback, kokukhona ayisebenzi kangako kwaye ayinakushukunyiswa.

Intengiso yeQonga le-EV: Uhlalutyo loMmandla
Ngokusekwe kwingingqi, intengiso yeqonga lehlabathi le-EV lahlulwe laya eMntla Melika, eYurophu, eMpuma Asia, eMzantsi APAC, eLatin America, nakuMbindi Mpuma naseAfrika.
Ukunyuka okungaguqukiyo kokungena kwe-EVs ngesantya esibonakalayo kumazwe aliqela eMpuma Asia naseYurophu yinto ephambili eqhuba kwimarike yeqonga le-EV, njengoko utyalomali kwiR & D kula mazwe lusanda. IYurophu ibona ukonyuka okunamandla kokungena kwe-EVs. Emva koko, imfuno ye-EVs kulindeleke ukuba inyuke ngexesha lokuqikelela, elinokuthi likonyuse intengiso yeqonga le-EV.
Imarike yeqonga laseMpuma Asia ye-EV kulindeleke ukuba yande kakhulu, ilandelwe yiYurophu kunye noMntla Melika. Umzi mveliso weemoto kumazwe, kubandakanya i-China, i-Japan kunye ne-South Korea zithambekele kwitekhnoloji, ukuvelisa izinto ezintsha, kunye nophuhliso lwee-EVs eziphambili. Ukuphuhliswa kwezikhululo zokutshaja eziphambili kwaye zikhawuleza kuqikelelwa ukuqhubela phambili intengiso yeqonga le-EV kunye ne-EV. I-BYD, i-BAIC, iChery, kunye ne-SAIC ngabadlali abaphambili abasebenza kwimakethi ye-East Asia EV, iiakhawunti zesona sabelo siphezulu kwimarike yeqonga le-EV.

I-EV Platform Market: Ukhuphiswano lokuma komhlaba
Abadlali abaphambili abasebenza kwimarike yeqonga le-EV kubandakanya
Inkampani yeAlcraft yeeMoto
Imoto yeBaic
i-BMW
I-BYD
Byton
Canoo
I-Chery
UDaimler
Ikamva leFaraday
IFisker
Ford
Ngeli xesha
IiGeneral Motors
Honda
Itraki
JAC
IiKia Motors
Imoto yeNissan
Vula iiMoto
REE Ngokuzenzekelayo
Rivian
Imoto yeSaic
Itoyota
IVolkswagen
IVolvo
Iimoto zeXAOS
UZotye
Ezinye ii-OEM zikhetha ukuvelisa i-BEV okanye i-PHEV kwiqonga le-ICE elilungisiweyo lokuthintela utyalomali lwenkunzi kwaye linoxanduva lokuvelisa ngokuguqukayo. Uyilo olungaphaya kwezithuthi ze-ICE zijongene nemiceli mngeni kupakisho lwebhetri. Umzekelo, iQela le-VW lizimisele ukwakha ii-EV zazo zonke iisayizi zisebenzisa uninzi lwamalungu afanayo ukuze lenze inzuzo kwiimodeli zalo. Inkampani iceba ukwakha iimoto ze-MEB kwiindawo ezisibhozo, kwihlabathi liphela, ngowama-2022.